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30.05.2006 11:05:39
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Спецслужбы; 1917-1939;
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Re: "Уж сколько...
Добрый день
>Не совсем понял. Каким образом из наличия одной резидентуры и факта её работы следует, что больше никто не занимался этим направлением? Также весьма странно, почему английская разведка не использовала возможность работы под дипломатическим прикрытием непосредственно в Москве.
>Кстати, именно РСФСР, а не СССР? Т.е. по национальным советским республикам работали другие резидентуры?
А это просто я не вполне удачно выразился. Поясняю:
1. Конечно, вплоть до ликвидации диппредставительств оперативная работа в РСФСР велась с их позиций. Те же Дюкс, Хилл и пр. А вот после этого вся инфраструктура британцев в России растворилась, и работать можно было только из Риги и чуть-чуть из Хельсинки.
2. РСФСР, а не СССР - поскольку я имел в виду период до декабря 1922 года. Впрочем, и к последующему периоду относится все то же, просто, действительно, читать следовало СССР.
3. Мне неизвестно о работе англичан по Украине и Белоруссии до их вхождения в СССР. Там зафиксированы факты оперативной работы Французов и до конца 1918 года немцев. Правда, Хилл работал по Украине, но очень краткое время и только по немцам.
4. Факт отсутствия заданий по СССР другим точкам СИС легко устанавливаем из содержания получаемых рижской "станцией" заданий. Вся оперработа с использованием эмигрантов велась оттуда (а также из подчиненных Риге в оперативном отношении мелких консульских точек). Других просто не было.
>А про «факт нахождения у Внешней разведки пока еще нерассекреченных данных о планах покушения на Ленина и Троцкого» в тексте заметки упоминается?
Нет. Кстати, перечитал заметку и обнаружил-таки в ней упоминание про загадочные "С-Х" файлы. Ясности это не добавило.
>>Предупреждая Ваши возможные вопросы, сообщаю, что эта заметка в "Гардиан" у меня есть, она принадлежит Ричарду Нортон-Тэйлору.
>
>А не могли бы Вы (разумеется, если это Вас не затруднит) её выложить? Это не к тому, что я сомневаюсь в Вашей интерпретации данной заметки. Просто интересно посмотреть первоисточник.
Да без проблем!
+++++++++
Disclosure of British spies' plot to kill
Lenin fuels MI6 demands to keep papers
secret
By Richard Norton-Taylor
Saturday October 10, 1998
British agents were directly involved in a plot to
assassinate Lenin, founder of the Soviet Union,
according to a new study based on hitherto secret
documents including papers still buried in MI6
archives.
Revelations about the plot to overthrow the new
Bolshevik regime, capture and then shoot Lenin
and Trotsky, are contained in a book, Iron Maze,
the Western Secret Services and the Bolsheviks,
to be published on Monday.
It has been assumed that the failed plot was an
idea cooked up by Sydney Reilly, the so-called
Ace of Spies, and others without the knowledge
of his official controllers in British intelligence.
The book's author, Gordon Brook-Shepherd, was
given exclusive access to MI6 papers - which, if
the agency has its way, will now remain under
lock and key. They were made available to him
after years of what he describes as "seemingly
insuperable political difficulties about revealing
our attempts to assassinate Lenin while
maintaining full diplomatic relations with the
Soviet Union he had created".
So concerned was MI6 that this book would
reveal the existence of the papers that they asked
Mr Brook-Shepherd to change the foreword to
delete any direct reference to how he gained
access to them. But the game is given away by
copious references to CX files - the code-name
given to secret MI6 documents.
The author merely acknowledges "without names
. . . that handful of intelligence officials, some
active as well as retired, who have helped to steer
things along . . ."
MI6 is deeply concerned that confirmation of the
documents' existence would undermine its
determination to impose a blanket ban on
releasing documents about the past overseas
activities of Britain's secret agents.
It is understood that Sir David Spedding, the head
of MI6, has personally taken up the matter with
the Foreign Secretary, Robin Cook. But Mr Cook
is said to be strongly resisting MI6's demands,
and has placed the dispute in the hands of an
independent arbitrator.
The dispute comes at a time when, at the request
of the Home Secretary Jack Straw, the Advisory
Council on Public Records is seeking views on
which records of the Security Service, MI5,
should be preserved for eventual release.
Mr Brook-Shepherd has also had access to
French secret service documents - seized by the
Germans during the second world war and later
taken by the Russians - as well as personal papers
of the late General Alexander Orlov, the
highest-ranking Soviet intelligence officer ever to
defect to the West.
France and the United States were heavily
involved in an attempted coup against the
Bolsheviks in 1918 with the help of Lettish
(Latvian) mercenaries, Lenin's Praetorian Guard.
Reilly was sent to Russia in 1918 as a freelance
agent approved by MI6. One MI6 file reveals that
Captain Mansfield Cumming, the first head of
MI6, told the British mission in Bolshevik Russia
to expect a "Jewish-Jap type, brown eyes very
protruding, deeply lined sallow face", who would
describe himself as a "diamond buyer". Cumming
ended his coded message: "More to follow."
In a secret report to London later that year,
Captain George Hill, the chief British Military
Intelligence agent in Russia, made it clear that
both he and Ernest Boyce, MI6's station chief in
Moscow, were involved in the failed coup.
"In the event of failure and our being found in
any plot," Hill told London, "Reilly and myself
should have simply been private individuals and
responsible to no one." Hill added: "Boyce
considered the whole thing was extremely risky
but agreed it was worth trying and that the failure
of the plan would drop entirely on Reilly's neck."
A secret French intelligence report reveals how
Reilly told the plotters that "he and his band of
daring conspirators, armed with pistols and hand
grenades," would storm a session of the
All-Russian Congress of Soviets at the Bolshoi
Theatre.
"Then, at a signal given by Reilly, the Lettish
soldiers would close all exits and cover the
audience with their rifles, while Reilly, at the head
of his band, would leap on to the stage and seize
Lenin, Trotsky and the other leaders. All of them
would be shot on the spot!"
But Orlov's papers show that Lenin had already
come to the conclusion that the British and
French were plotting the overthrow of the Soviet
government. And Felix Dzerzhinsky, head of the
Cheka, or secret police, correctly came to the
conclusion that the West would try to recruit the
Lettish troops.
Mr Brook-Shepherd concludes: "If anything
needed obscuring from the public record, it was
not so much what the Allies were planning against
the Bolsheviks in the midsummer of 1918, as
how thoroughly the Bolshevik leader and his
minions had duped them into concocting their
plots."
He also refers to the Zinoviev letter, the
document - almost certainly forged - leaked to the
Daily Mail by the security services on the eve of
the October 1924 general election which helped
to seal the fate of Ramsay Macdonald's Labour
government.
The letter, purported to be signed by the head of
the Comintern, was an appeal to British
communists to "stir up the masses of the British
proletariat".
Mr Brook-Shepherd reveals that Harry Carr, MI6
station chief in Helsinki, thought it "abundantly
clear that the letter was a forgery".
Mr Brook-Shepherd says MI6 "as a whole was so
uneasy about its prospects under a re-elected
Labour government . . . The service was widely
held to contain a hard core of . . . veterans of the
revolution era opposed to any idea of political
softening towards the Bolshevik regime, whose
downfall they still ardently desired". Boyce, he
adds, was reputed to be one of "the hard core".
Reilly was tried in absentia after the discovery of
the 1918 plot. He later returned to Russia and
was shot in 1925. MI6 distanced itself from him.
Notes on his file in MI6 vaults describe him as
"though a very gallant fellow . . . a political
adventurer".
The Iron Maze by Gordon Brook-Shepherd,
published by Macmillan.
© Copyright Guardian Media Group plc.1998
+++++++++++++
>>Тут же сообщает, что располагает доступом к документам французской разведки, захваченных немцами и потом "перезахваченных" русскими. Откуда? Что, "историку-антисоветчику" дали в СССР зеленую улицу? Да он, по моим данным, вообще к нам никогда не приезжал!
>
>Именно в СССР? А может, уже после 1991 года?
Трудно сказать, но к 1991 году ему было уже 73. Хотя, конечно, это ни о чем не говорит. Однако сведений о его пребывании в СССР/СНГ я не обнаружил. Правда, искал не слишком тщательно, просто незачем было.
С уважением