От Владимир Старостин Ответить на сообщение
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Дата 06.08.2002 01:41:40 Найти в дереве
Рубрики WWII; Версия для печати

Re: странно (+)

день добрый

>Речь Черчилля в парламенте(?) по случаю такого-то летия Сталина но уже после его смерти. Опубликовано в британской энциклопедии как статья на слово "Сталин".

я в Britannica только это обнаружил:

Soviet politician and dictator. Born in Georgia, the son of a cobbler, he studied at a seminary but was expelled for revolutionary activity in 1899. He joined an underground revolutionary group and sided with the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party in 1903. A disciple of V. Lenin, he served in minor party posts and was appointed to the first Bolshevik Central Committee (1912). He remained active behind the scenes and in exile (1913-17) until the Russian Revolution of 1917 brought the Bolsheviks to power. Having adopted the name Stalin (from Russian stal: "steel"), he served as commissar for nationalities and for state control in the Bolshevik government (1917-23). He became secretary-general of the party's Central Committee from 1922, the post that later provided the power base for his dictatorship, and was also a member of the Politburo. After Lenin's death (1924), Stalin overcame his rivals, incl. L. Trotsky, G. Zinovyev, L. Kamenev, N. Bukharin, and A. Rykov, and took control of Soviet politics. In 1928 he inaugurated the Five-Year Plans that radically altered Soviet economic and social structures and resulted in the deaths of many millions. In the 1930s he contrived to eliminate threats to his power through the Purge Trials and through widespread secret executions and persecution. In World War II he signed the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact (1939), attacked Finland (see Russo-Finnish War), and annexed parts of Eastern Europe to strengthen his W frontiers. When Germany invaded Russia (1941), Stalin took control of military operations. He allied Russia with Britain and the U.S.; at the Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam conferences, he demonstrated his negotiating skill. After the war he consolidated Soviet power in Eastern Europe and built up the Soviet Union as a world military power. He continued his repressive political measures to control internal dissent; increasingly paranoid, he was preparing to mount another purge after the so-called Doctors' Plot when he died. Noted for bringing the Soviet Union into world prominence, at terrible cost to his own people, he left a legacy of repression and fear as well as industrial and military power. In 1956 Stalin and his personality cult were denounced by N. Khrushchev.

http://www.volk59.narod.ru