От apple16
К All
Дата 12.11.2002 14:35:18
Рубрики Прочее; Современность;

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Expiration Date 1 Sep 2003

Поскольку JFS там нет
то мне он особенно не нужен.

По всей видимости информация важнее
авторских прав Jane's - т.е. для
нужд сообщества кое-какая информация
видимо может быть скачана.
Вопрос какая и как.

По второму вопросу возможно тов
Venik это прокомментирует.

Account китайский и он все равно скоро cдохнет.

По первому вопросу если будет решен второй
и будут заявки в привате передам
тому кто сможет что-то сделать.
(Разумно этим заниматься небольшой группе людей :)
так как чрезмерная активность аккаунта видимо приведет
к его скорому закрытию)

От apple16
К apple16 (12.11.2002 14:35:18)
Дата 12.11.2002 17:14:28

вопрос прояснился

Некоторые товарищи паролем обладают
но поскольку есть на Jane's ограничения
на количество пользователей данного аккаунта
и данного раздела дальнейшее распространение
я заминаю.

Вопрос с полным миррором в процессе решения.

Однако со своей стороны обязуюсь
выложить что-то по запросу на форум.
Запрос представляет собой ключевое слово
например "Kolchuga" или "Osumi".

От Олег Радько
К apple16 (12.11.2002 17:14:28)
Дата 12.11.2002 21:30:14

можно все что есть по западным ПКР?

особенно Penguin, Otomat II и RBS-15





Добрый день!
>Некоторые товарищи паролем обладают
>но поскольку есть на Jane's ограничения
>на количество пользователей данного аккаунта
>и данного раздела дальнейшее распространение
>я заминаю.

>Вопрос с полным миррором в процессе решения.

>Однако со своей стороны обязуюсь
>выложить что-то по запросу на форум.
>Запрос представляет собой ключевое слово
>например "Kolchuga" или "Osumi".
С уважением.

От apple16
К Олег Радько (12.11.2002 21:30:14)
Дата 13.11.2002 11:01:37

Otomat/Teseo

4 Images
OFFENSIVE WEAPONS, INTERNATIONAL

Date Posted: 11 July 2002


Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems 38

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Otomat/Teseo
Type

Short-range, ship- and ground-launched, turbojet-powered, single warhead, surface-to-surface missiles.

Development

The Otomat anti-ship missile was developed as a private venture by Otobreda (now MBDA, part of EADS) with Matra (now MBDA) from 1969. Firing trials began in 1971, with the first complete system test in 1972, and the first production missile was accepted in 1976 by the Italian Navy. Development of an extended range version, Mk 2, began in the early 1980s, with final qualification tests in November 1983. From this, the French developed a lightweight version, Otomat Compact, with a new launcher-container. Coastal defence versions have also been produced and Otomat will be the basis for the French-Italian 'MIssile de Lutte Anti-Sous-marine' Anti-Submarine Warfare (MILAS ASW) torpedo delivery system. In the Italian Navy the missile control system is known as Teseo, and sometimes the Otomat Mk 2 is referred to as the Teseo 2 system. An Otomat Mk 3 development programme was started in 1994, with an improved dual-mode IIR/active radar seeker and a programmed guidance system. Different approaches were taken with Otomat Mk 3, the Italian version had an increased range capability to 300 km and this version was separately marketed as Teseo 3. Discussions were held in 1995 between the Italian and US navies and it was reported that a modified Teseo 3, called Ulisee (or Ulixes), might have been jointly developed, but the US interest did not materialise. Ulisee would have improved stealth and mid-course updates and was planned for a ship, ground or air launch. This version would also have an increased speed, to M0.95, for the terminal phase. In 1998, it was reported that Italy and Sweden might co-operate on the Teseo 3 (or Ulisee) programme, but by 1999 Italy was proceeding alone. A Next Generation Anti-Surface Missile (NGASM) proposal was made to the Italian MoD in 2001, as a replacement for the Teseo 3 project. This version would have a range of 200 to 250 km. A dual-mode IIR and X-band active radar seeker development programme was funded in 1999, and this radar is to have a ground mapping capability. A datalink development was started in 2001. A block 3 upgrade to Otomat Mk 2 has been developed, introducing insensitive boost motors and warheads. A block 4 upgrade is planned for development with reduced volume electronics, more fuel, GPS guidance and a new signal processor for littoral warfare and land attack. The block 4 upgrade will also include an upgraded digital weapon control system. It is expected that the Otomat Mk 2 block 4 and the NGASM programmes will be co-ordinated.
The Otomat missile is fitted to the Italian light aircraft carrier Giuseppe Garibaldi and the cruiser Vittorio Veneto, in four-launch canisters; destroyers of the `De La Penne' and `Audace' class, with eight missiles in four twin launchers; frigates of the `Maestrale' and `Lupo' classes with four and eight missiles respectively; and corvettes of the `Minerva' class are fitted for, but not with, four missile launch canisters. Otomat is fitted to `Madina' class F2000 frigates belonging to the Royal Saudi Navy, with an eight missile system. Both Otomat Mk 2 and the MILAS anti-submarine missiles are planned to be launched from the same launchers and use the same weapons consoles, with up to 12 Otomat and MILAS missiles being controlled by the same weapons system.

Description

Otomat has a cylindrical body with a blunt nose and a belled exhaust nozzle at the tail. There are four delta-shaped wings at mid-body with command receivers fitted to the wingtips and four small clipped triangular moving control fins at the rear. The wings are fixed on the Mk 1 but folded on the Mk 2. The missile is 4.46 m long and has a body diameter of 0.46 m at its widest point. The launch weight is 770 kg, with two jettisonable 75 kg booster motors and a 210 kg warhead. Otomat is mounted in a sealed container, which is used for storage, transport and launch. The container is fitted to deck mountings or a coastal battery truck body and the containers are pre-aligned at the correct launch angle (15º). Target co-ordinates can be obtained from the launch platform sensors, limiting the range to about 60 km, and this is the system operation for Otomat Mk 1. For Otomat Mk 2 the system range was extended by using either other ships, aircraft or helicopters for over-the-horizon targeting, giving an increased range of up to 180 km. At launch the weapon climbs to an initial height of 250 m at a distance of about 600 m from the launcher. The autopilot/altimeter system then commands it to descend to its cruising altitude of 20 m for the mid-course phase. During this phase the guidance system can receive command updates on the target position. At a predetermined point from the target, the azimuth-only active radar seeker is activated in 20º left/right azimuth scan search mode. When the target is found and the radar seeker locks on, the missile is commanded to descend to its final attack sea-skimming mode. However, the full range of 180 km for Otomat Mk 2 can only be achieved with over-the-horizon targeting assistance, otherwise the range is limited to 80 km.
In the case of the French supplied missile (also used in the coastal variant), the seeker operates in azimuth and elevation; at seeker lock-on the missile is commanded to climb to about 2,000 m in order to attack in a 7º dive. Propulsion for the boost phase is provided by two 75 kg weight, jettisonable, 3,500 kg thrust, four-second burn, solid-propellant motors mounted on either side of the missile body. The sustainer motor is a Turbomeca TR281 400 kg thrust turbojet, which gives the missile a cruise speed of about M0.9. The Extended Range Targeting of Otomat (ERATO) mounted on board `Madina' frigates of the Royal Saudi Navy, has the capability to launch missiles at three second intervals and to control up to eight missiles in flight simultaneously to six different ship targets.
The Italian version, Teseo 3, (or Ulisee/Ulixes) had an increased weight to 800 kg and an increased range of 250 km. Teseo 3 had a dual-mode active radar/imaging IR seeker and could be used against both ship and land targets. The missile was 5.6 m long and had a lighter HE SAP warhead at 160 kg. It is reported that an INS/GPS guidance unit and a digital datalink have been added, so that target designation may be updated from a separate aircraft or helicopter.
A combined Otomat Mk 2 and MILAS ship- or ground-based weapons control system has been developed, to enable the mission planning and firing of combinations of the anti-ship and anti-submarine missiles. Most ships can carry up to 12 missiles, and these can be launched from canisters oriented as required to clear obstructions, as both missiles can change course after launch by up to 210º.
While most Otomat missiles are mounted on ships, a series of C-13 tracked vehicles has been proposed for the ground-launched coastal defence Otomat system. The tracked vehicles would include a two missile launch vehicle, a surveillance/engagement radar on a command and control vehicle and a datalink vehicle. An additional surveillance radar could be located on high ground or mounted on a light aircraft or helicopter to increase the Otomat system range.

Operational status

Otomat Mk 1 entered service in 1976 and the Mk 2 version in 1984. The Mk 2 version is still in production, and a total of 1,080 Mk 1 and Mk 2 missiles has been built or are on order for fitting to 100 ships. A Mk 3 version was in development, but is believed to have been terminated in 1999. The alternative longer range Teseo 3 (Ulisee/Ulixes) was expected to be available by 2003, but is believed to have been changed to the NGASM programme, which is expected to start development in 2005. The prime Otomat missile user is Italy, with export sales to Bangladesh, Egypt, Iraq, Kenya, Libya, Malaysia, Morocco, Nigeria, Peru, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. The Otomat coastal defence system is in service with Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Malaysia ordered Otomat Mk 2 block 3 missiles in 1997, and the first missile was tested in June 2000. The block 4 version might be combined with the NGASM programme at some future date.


Specifications

Otomat Mk 1
Length: 4.46 m
Body diameter: 0.46 m
Launch weight: 770 kg
Payload: Single warhead 210 kg
Warhead: HE semi-armour-piercing
Guidance: Inertial, command update and active radar
Propulsion: Turbojet
Range: 60 km
Accuracy: n/k

Otomat Mk 2
Length: 4.46 m
Body diameter: 0.46 m
Launch weight: 770 kg
Payload: Single warhead 210 kg
Warhead: HE semi-armour-piercing
Guidance: Inertial, command update and active radar
Propulsion: Turbojet
Range: 180 km
Accuracy: n/k

Teseo Mk 3 or NGASM
Length: 5.6 m
Body diameter: 0.46 m
Launch weight: 800 kg
Payload: Single warhead 160 kg
Warhead: HE semi-armour piercing
Guidance: Inertial with GPS and updates, and active radar with IIR
Propulsion: Turbojet
Range: 250 km
Accuracy: n/k


Contractors

MBDA, Rome, Italy.
MBDA, Velizy-Villacoublay, France.


The Otomat Mk 2 missile, showing the turbojet engine intakes at the wingroots, and one of the jettisonable solid-propellant boost motors (Duncan Lennox)


A rear view of an Otomat Mk 2 missile, showing the jettisonable solid-propellant booster and command update receive antenna (Peter Humphris)


An Otomat Mk 2 missile ship launcher assembly (Harry Steele)
(1998)


A line diagram of the Otomat Mk 2 missile


UPDATED



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
© 2002 Jane's Information Group Duncan Lennox

От apple16
К apple16 (12.11.2002 14:35:18)
Дата 12.11.2002 14:48:51

Третий пример пресловутая Кольчуга


2 Images
ELECTRONIC WARFARE, UKRAINE

Date Posted: 20 August 2002


Jane's C4I Systems

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Kolchuga
The `updated' Kolchuga station detects, analyses and identifies a wide range of signals in the 0.1 - 18 GHz band. The manufacturer claims that `practically all currently known' emitters can be identified. Mounted on a 6-wheeled truck, the station consists of four antenna assemblies in the VHF, UHF and SHF wave bands, with both narrow beam (long range) and wide beam (close range) monitoring capability, together with a parallel receiver for analysis, identification and processing equipment, including DF in conjunction with other stations; display and recording equipment; communications equipment including data transmission; power supply. The environmental specifications are claimed to be sufficient to enable the station to operate in conditions ranging from -50ºC to +50ºC.
The Kolchuga station would normally operate in a complex of three together with a command vehicle, to provide accurate triangulation for location. In this configuration, with the individual vehicles 60 km apart, it is claimed that the system can detect emitters over a front of 1,000 km at up to 600 km range (narrow beam) or up to 200 km (wide beam). The wide dispersal of vehicles aids the elimination of screened areas.

Operational status

In April 2002 Jane's Intelligence Digest reported that a complete system (that is 3 sensor vehicles and a command vehicle) may have been sold to Iraq the previous year.

Contractor

Joint Stock Holding Company Topaz
Donetsk.

NEW ENTRY



The Kolchuga station sensor vehicle with raised antenna array (Janes/IDR)
(2002)


The Kolchuga sensor vehicle operator's position (UKRSPETSEXPORT)
(2002)




От apple16
К apple16 (12.11.2002 14:35:18)
Дата 12.11.2002 14:40:22

Второй пример JDW Russia - Navy's needs: hard to justify


2 Images
FEATURE
Date Posted: August 01, 2000


JANE'S DEFENCE WEEKLY - AUGUST 02, 2000

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Russia - Navy's needs: hard to justify
John Downing

INTRODUCTION:
John Downing spent the last 11 years of his naval career on the Defence Intelligence Staff and subsequently joined the International Institute for Strategic Studies. He is now a naval and strategic defence analyst

The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the subsequent emergence of the 'new-world order', along with the progressive weakening of the Russian economy, has hit what was already a fragile Russian Navy.

Finding it difficult to justify its raison d'être, the navy struggles to obtain funding to ensure combat readiness, equipment maintenance and long-term development.

The Strategic Deterrence Forces' guarantee of nuclear retaliation remains the main national priority. Similarly, with mounting concern over emerging potential threats from 'near abroad' countries such as Chechnya, the army and air forces have had a clear role to play.

The naval case was more difficult to present. The Soviet Navy was developed during the Cold War as a maritime counter to NATO; this organisation, however, is no longer deemed politically hostile. The navy today is unable to make a significant contribution to the growing number of small regional conflicts in which Russia is involved.

As a result, naval planners have concentrated their assets on the two primary governmental directives: strategic deterrence; and defence of the Russian sea lanes. To do so the navy has optimised its core combat capabilities, yet retained its traditional concept of layered defence operations in a somewhat more diluted form.

Most of the current naval budget goes towards the nuclear-powered ballistic missile (SSBN), nuclear-powered attack (SSN) and nuclear-powered cruise missile (SSGN) submarine fleets. Despite this focus the number of SSBNs has fallen sharply from 62 in 1990 to only 18 this year. These include two Typhoons, two Delta Is, seven Delta IIIs and seven Delta IVs. Six Typhoons originally were introduced, but four were withdrawn from service because of the expense of maintaining the boats. The remaining Delta Is are nearing the end of their operational lives; they are expected to be decommissioned next year.

Most of the SSBNs are in the Northern Fleet, Russia's main naval operating area. The rest are in the Pacific Fleet although these are expected to be withdrawn soon; in this case the few remaining operational units will be transferred to the north.

The fact that training standards have fallen means low morale has hit even the elite branch, which is generally better motivated than other naval personnel. This has been brought on in part by the low serviceability; at present only one SSBN can be maintained on deterrent patrol from each fleet area. This stems from a fleet-wide lack of dockyard support that affects submarines and surface ships alike. Refits and basic engineering work has fallen far behind schedule as the navy strives to pay dockyard staff.

New construction is minimal. The first Borey-class SSBN is under construction, but it is unlikely to enter service until 2008 because of slow progress. It was expected that the Borey-class submarines would use a new submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM), designated SS-N-28. But Western sources now believe this programme has either been delayed or cancelled and that the boats will enter service fitted with either a naval variant of the SS-27 or the SS-N-23 (NATO reporting name: 'Skiff') SLBM or even a modified version of the SS-N-23 SLBM called 'Sineva'.

The SSN element comprises 29 boats including eight Akula Is, two Akula IIs, eight Oscar IIs, one Sierra I, two Sierra IIs, seven Victor IIIs and one Yankee Notch. Like the SSBNs, most of the SSNs are in the Northern Fleet. Operational patrols are generally conducted near the Russian mainland, although SSNs and SSGNs in recent years have conducted longer-range excursions, taking up station on the east and west coasts of the USA near US SSBN bases. The SSNs and SSGNs have attempted to trail US submarines and aircraft carriers.

The first Yasen-class SSN/SSGN is under construction at Severovinsk. This advanced multi-purpose submarine uses the SS-N-27 anti-ship missile in vertical-launch system silos and SS-N-15 ('Starfish') missiles, which can be fired as part of a weapon mix from its torpedo tubes. The first boat is expected to enter service in 2005. A ninth Oscar II is also due for launch, but there is some doubt as to whether it will be completed.

Eighteen non-nuclear-powered submarines remain in the Russian order of battle. Most of these are based with the Northern and Pacific fleets, with some in the Baltic Sea and Black Sea. The conventionally-powered Lada/Amur submarine programme is also under way at St Petersburg. It is a sophisticated design with a very low acoustic signature. Armed with 533mm torpedoes or mines, it may in future be retrofitted with the SS-N-27. The boat also has the option to be fitted with an air-independent propulsion fuel cell plug, which would greatly improve its snorting cycle. The first two units are due to be launched next year.

The surface fleet is in poorer shape than its submarine counterpart. On initial inspection its inventory appears impressive, comprising nearly 80 major warships including one aircraft carrier; 160 minor combatants; 24 amphibious ships and 70 mine countermeasure vessels. Very few of these warships, however, are combat-ready. The carrier, Admiral Kuznetsov, for example, has rarely put to sea in recent years and its air group has only minimal experience in deck operations. The rest of the surface fleet shares a similar fate and many hulls are slowly rotting in port. Recent intelligence sources have estimated that the navy's current operational total readiness might be as low as 10%, in stark contrast to a figure seven times higher at the height of the Cold War. New construction for surface combatants is effectively non-existent.

In February Commander-in-Chief of the Navy Admiral of the Fleet Vladimir Kuroyedov said he intended to deploy an aircraft carrier group to the Mediterranean within the next 12 months. He more recently said it would happen by year-end.

The Russian Naval Air Force is an essential component of the fleet's combat capability. The Tupolev Tu-22M ('Backfire'), the force's primary aircraft, exists to conduct missile attacks against major surface units in concert with near-simultaneous launches by submarine and surface ship firings. The Sukhoi Su-24 ('Fencer'), Su-25 ('Frogfoot') and Su-27 ('Flanker') fighters conduct shorter-range attack and air defence missions, while the long-range Tu-95 ('Bear-D') bomber carries out reconnaissance missions. The Tu-142 ('Bear-F'), and to a lesser degree, Ilyushin Il-38 ('Mays') and Beriev Be-12 ('Mails') conduct area anti-submarine warfare (ASW). Shipborne and shore-based ASW helicopters support these. However, the maritime air arm is poorly maintained and pilots on average fly 40 hours annually.

The naval export market is weak: only four hulls are in the pipeline. A Slava-class cruiser, under construction since 1984, may be sold to Ukraine. The one Grom-class frigate, Novik, has been authorised for sale, but it is still only 20% complete three years after the keel was laid. A second Sovremenny-class guided missile destroyer is due to be delivered to China in December, and three modified Krivak-class frigates are under construction for India in St Petersburg.


The Slava-class missile cruiser Marshal Ustinov fires a rocket near Murmansk during a demonstration. One cruiser of this class, still under construction, may be sold to Ukraine
(Source: PA/ITAR-TASS)


Most of the naval budget goes towards Russian nuclear-powered submarines
(Source: PA/EPA)



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
© 2000 Jane's Information Group


От apple16
К apple16 (12.11.2002 14:35:18)
Дата 12.11.2002 14:37:08

для примера статья про SS-N-12 `Sandbox' (P-500/4K80 Bazalt)


2 Images
OFFENSIVE WEAPONS, RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Date Posted: 11 September 2002


Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems 38

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SS-N-12 `Sandbox' (P-500/4K80 Bazalt)
Type

Intermediate-range, ship- and submarine-launched, turbojet-powered, single-warhead surface-to-surface missile.

Development

The SS-N-12 `Sandbox' is considered to be a second-generation anti-ship cruise missile system, following on from the first-generation SS-N-3 `Shaddock' and `Sepal' systems. The missile has the Russian designators P-500 and 4M80, and the system has the designator 4K80 Bazalt. Development started in 1963, with the first test flight in 1969, and the missile entered service in 1975. SS-N-12 was an upgraded `Sepal' (P-35) with small external changes, notably with the engine air inlet moved forward towards the wing leading edge. An improved SS-N-12 version entered service in 1983, and the SS-N-12 was replaced by the third-generation system, SS-N-19 `Shipwreck'. `Sandbox' was fitted to the single `Modified Kiev' class Admiral Gorshkov carrier with 12 launch canisters, in the `Slava' class guided missile cruisers with 16 launchers, in `Echo 2' class submarines with eight launchers and in `Juliett' class submarines with four launchers.

Description

It is believed that the SS-N-12 missile is an upgraded SS-N-3, with some external and internal improvements. The missile is 11.7 m long, has a body diameter of 0.88 m, an extended wingspan of 2.6 m, and a weight of 4,800 to 5,000 kg at launch. Some reports suggested that the missile has command mid-course guidance, followed by active radar terminal guidance; however, it is believed that the mid-course guidance is inertial with optional command updates. The missile can use its active radar at high altitude to detect the target, then switch the radar off and descend to low level, making a final search for the target late in the terminal phase. Tu-95 `Bear-D', Ka-25 `Hormone' and Ka-27 `Helix' could be expected to provide command updates, in a similar way to their use with the earlier SS-N-3 `Shaddock' systems. SS-N-12 'Sandbox' has a solid propellant booster motor located under the rear body, which is jettisoned after use. A KR17-300 turbojet engine is used for the rest of the flight. The missile can cruise at high level, between 10 and 15 km altitude, when it has a maximum speed of M2.5. At low level the missile cruises at M0.8, and for the terminal phase the missile descends to an altitude of 50 m and then dives down onto the target. The missile payload is believed to be around 1,000 kg, with 350 kT nuclear or conventional High Explosive (HE) warheads. The `Sandbox' missile is reported to have a range of 550 km, and to be capable of either high or low altitude cruise profiles. An accuracy of 300 to 700 m CEP has been reported.
The `Front Door' engagement radars operate in S-band (3 to 4 GHz) and there are three basic versions in service, `Front Door A, B and C'. `Front Door A' is fitted to the `Echo' class submarines and is similar to the radar used for SS-N-3C `Shaddock' missiles. `Front Door B' is fitted to the `Kiev' class and is housed on the underside of a 5 × 3 m casing, which is raised to the upright position when required for use. `Front Door C', originally called `Trap Door', is fitted to the `Slava' class and is mounted high on the front of the main structure just below the `Top Steer' 3-D surveillance radar antenna. `Front Door C' has a rectangular mesh antenna, with a horn feed at the top. It is believed that the 'Front Door' radars track the missiles in flight, and are used to provide mid-course updates to the missiles.

Operational status

SS-N-12 `Sandbox' missiles are believed to have entered service in 1975, and some 400 missiles remained in service in 1991. It is known that the `Modified Kiev' carrier had reload missiles on board, believed to be two reloads for each launcher, making a total of 36 missiles. In 1991, there were 14 `Echo 2', 15 `Juliett' submarines, four `Kiev' and `Modified Kiev' class aircraft carriers, and three `Slava' class cruisers in service; all believed to be carrying SS-N-12 `Sandbox' missiles. By the end of 1995, these numbers had reduced to three `Echo 2', one `Juliett' submarine, one `modified Kiev' aircraft carrier and three `Slava' cruisers; as a result it is believed that the number of SS-N-12 missiles remaining operational had reduced to around 150. By early 2000 there were just three 'Slava' class cruisers in service with SS-N-12 missiles, with around 50 missiles still operational in the Russian Federation. SS-N-12 missiles are not fitted to Ukrainian ships, but a fourth 'Slava' class cruiser is being completed for Ukraine and this may be fitted with SS-N-12 missiles.


Specifications

Length: 11.7 m
Body diameter: 0.88 m
Launch weight: 4,800 to 5,000 kg
Payload: Single warhead; 1,000 kg
Warhead: 350 kT nuclear or conventional HE
Guidance: Inertial with command updates and active radar
Propulsion: Solid propellant boost and turbojet
Range: 550 km
Accuracy: 300 to 700 m CEP

Associated radars
Surveillance radar: `Top Steer' 3D
Frequency: 1-3 GHz (L-band)
Range: n/k
Engagement radar: `Front Door'
Frequency: 3-4 GHz (S-band)
Range: 55 km


Contractor

It is believed that SS-N-12 `Sandbox' was designed by the Chelomei Design Bureau, and is now supported by KBM at Kolomna.

UPDATED


A Russian `Slava' class guided missile cruiser with 16 SS-N-12 `Sandbox' missile launch canisters. The `Top Steer' surveillance radar antenna can be seen on top of the foremast structure, with `Front Door' below on the bow face of the structure


A line diagram of an SS-N-12 missile
(2002)




--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
© 2002 Jane's Information Group Duncan Lennox