От Марат
К Архив
Дата 23.04.2001 15:37:17
Рубрики Современность; Политек;

Re: Кризис в Турции и ВПК Израиля

Приветствую !

>Здравствуйте
>
>Возмлжно, заинтересует - небольшая подборка по изр. ВПК из http://www.delo.co.il/

заинтересовало - кладу дополнительные вещи :)

>В военно-промышленных кругах Израиля высказывают серьезную озабоченность в связи с продолжающимся финансово-экономическим кризисом в Турции и его влиянием на судьбу заказов, которые министерство обороны намеревалось разместить на израильских предприятиях. Израиль рассчитывал, в частности, на проект стоимостью около одного миллиарда долларов по переоснащению турецких танков, который должен был быть реализован израильским концерном военной промышленности. Генеральный штаб турецкой армии сообщил, что приостановил реализацию в общей сложности 32 проектов закупки вооружений на общую сумму в 19,5 миллиардов долларов, не уточняя, о каких именно проектах идет речь.

"о каких именно" (хотя бы частично :) "идет речь" может быть "понятно" из нижеследующих статей:

Первая -
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Israel may lose $6b. in Turkish arms deals
The Jerusalem Post newspaper: online news from Israel
By Digital Israel Staff

The Turkish army's decision to delay 32 projects worth a total of $19.5 billion is extremely worrying to the Israeli security industries, which see Turkey as a major potential market in the coming years, according to the Hebrew daily Yediot Aharonot.
The Turkish army, which is the second largest in NATO, planned to spend billions of dollars on modernizing its army in the coming decade, including the purchase of 1,000 tanks and 145 fighter helicopters.
The plans were apparently put on hold because of the erosion of the Turkish lira, and the relaxation of tensions between Turkey and Greece.
Sources estimate that Israel could lose deals worth a total of $6 billion.
Turkey did not specify which projects it was freezing, but Israel has a number of major contracts, existing and pending, in Turkey. Israel Aircraft Industries, for example, is modernizing 54 Turkish F-4E fighter planes in a $632m. deal, and is upgrading 48 older F-5 aircraft, at a cost of $100 million.
Israel has also upgraded 250 Turkish tanks and is waiting for approval for the upgrade of a further 170 tanks, in a $340m. deal. A consortium of companies led by Elbit Systems is also waiting on approval for a $2 billion upgrade of M-640 tanks.
A military source told Ma'ariv that there is no change in Israel Aircraft Industries' contracts in Turkey, but IAI itself refused to comment.
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Вторая -

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Turks, Israelis Defend Ties Despite Change In Contracts
Defense News 09-04-00
By UMIT ENGINSOY And BURAK EGE BEKDIL

ANKARA -- Turkish and Israeli officials are scrambling to preserve their four-year old strategic defense relationship, as the government here shifts away from a close reliance on Israeli defense firms for the equipment it needs.
Lt. Gen. Shaul Mofaz, commander of the Israeli Defense Forces, was scheduled to visit Ankara the week of Aug. 27, while Israel's new Air Force commander, Maj. Gen. Dan Halutz, will come here later this year to discuss defense ties, Turkish and Israeli officials said Aug. 24.
The source of concern in Tel Aviv has been a string of recent blows for Israeli defense firms. Indeed, the juicy single-source relationship of recent years between Israeli companies and Turkey appears to be over.
For instance, Israeli and Turkish officials were close to a sole-source contract worth $350 million for state-owned Israel Military Industries Ltd., Ramat Hasharon, to upgrade some 170 M60 main battle tanks. But the government here opted instead to throw open the contract in July to other bids.
Then, later that month, the government of Prime Minister Bulent Ecevit short-listed Bell Helicopter Textron Inc., Forth Worth, Texas, for a potential $4 billion deal to build up to 145 attack helicopters for the Turkish Army. The move came as a blow for a rival Israeli-Russian partnership of Israeli Aircraft Industries Ltd. (IAI), Lod, and Kamov Helicopter Co., Moscow.
Finally, Turkey reopened bidding in early August for the nation's first military imaging satellite program, worth some $250 million. Prior to that, IAI was close to winning the contract, Turkish officials said.
But it was pushed aside by a new memorandum of understanding, signed in mid-August, to open contract negotiations between Turkey and Paris-based Alcatel Space.
Turkish officials explain the shift by pointing to competitive offers for current tenders from other defense contractors, mainly U.S. and French, and to previous contract disputes with Israel.
"There have been some pricing problems with Israel, and we have received competitive offers from other foreign bidders," a Turkish procurement official here told Defense News Aug. 23. "That's why we have revised the M60 and satellite deals."
Turkey and Israel in February 1996 signed two unprecedented agreements on military and defense industry cooperation as the basis for a new strategic alliance. Since then, Turkish and Israeli fighter pilots have trained in each other's territory and the partners' navies have held joint exercises in the Mediterranean Sea.
The defense industry agreement was signed by the Turkish government and IAI -- the first large-scale defense industry deal between the two countries. It covered the upgrade of 54 Turkish F-4E fighters for $630 million and an $85-million deal in 1998 to modernize 48 Turkish F-5A/B jets. Both were sole-source deals.
Moreover, Israel has secured smaller Turkish contracts worth more than $400 million since 1997, according to Turkish defense officials here.
Israeli officials express disappointment about the turn of events, but insist the two nations are continuing to strengthen their strategic cooperation.
Aside from reciprocal visits by Turkish military officials this year, a series of military exercises is planned for the remainder of this year and the first half of 2001, government sources in Tel Aviv said.
Regarding Ankara's decision to withdraw sole-source awards to Israel for the M60 tank upgrade and the spy satellite program, a Defense Ministry official said Aug. 24 that the two programs are unrelated, and do not represent a change in policy regarding Turkish-Israeli defense cooperation.
"There's no doubt that all acquisition programs have political aspects to them, but we are not interpreting the reassessment in Ankara at this stage as anything more than external business and political pressures that have nothing to do with our bilateral relationship," the official told Defense News.
He noted that Turkey never announced its decision to award Israel the M60 tank upgrade program. "They never informed us officially that we won the contract. What happened was a leak to the local press regarding Turkish [Defense Ministry] intent to award the program to our consortium on a sole-source basis," the Israeli official said.
As for the satellite program, the official attributed the change in acquisition plan -- and the reopening of the program for bids involving U.S. competitors -- as a combination of issues having to do with price and the sensitive, strategic nature of the satellite system up for bid.
Turkish officials and defense analysts said that, despite the recent commercial problems on defense industry deals between Turkey and Israel, both still have strong reasons to continue with their strategic political and military cooperation.
"There's some bitter experience on the Turkish side from previous defense contracts. Although the nominal value of an F-4 modernization deal with Israel was around $630 million, the Turks now are paying about $900 million due to additional expenses not included in the original contract," said Selin Caglayan, a Turkish analyst in Tel Aviv who works for the Strategic Studies Group here.
Alan Makovsky, a Turkey expert at the Washington Institute for Near Eastern Affairs, a think tank in Washington, told Defense News: "It seems their honeymoon is over, and Israel and Turkey now are basing their relationship on more realistic terms regarding defense industry matters.
"But the reasons why the two counties launched their strategic alliance still remain in place," he added.
Turkish analysts say a common perceived missile threat from Iran to both Israel and Turkey is a strong point uniting the two Mediterranean allies. Iranian officials often have denounced Turkey for allowing Israel to conduct alleged spying activities near the Iranian border.
Referring to Turkey's shift away from Israel as an exclusive supplier of defense equipment, Sefkat said, "This is a purely commercial matter. Israel must get used to the idea that some failures are to be expected when competing for the Turkish defense market worth tens of billions of dollars. Other than this glitch, it is business as usual between Turkey and Israel."
"Israel is Turkey's close friend, and it will remain to be so," a Turkish diplomat in Washington said.
"The satellite program is more than just business, and in this case we understand where the Turks are coming from if they must yield to U.S. government pressure," an Israeli Ministry of Defense official said.
Moreover, the Defense Ministry official noted that an Israeli-Russian team remains a key contender for Turkey's attack helicopter program, despite traditional misgivings by most Western nations about modernizing their militaries with Russian hardware.
"If some [in Israel] want to characterize this string of unrelated disappointments as a crisis, then it's an internal crisis. We tend to be a paranoid nation," the Defense Ministry official said.
От Василий Фофанов
К Марат (23.04.2001 15:37:17)
Дата 23.04.2001 18:12:36

А кто такие M-640 tanks? Это М60 или свое что-то? (-)
От Stalker
К Марат (23.04.2001 15:37:17)
Дата 23.04.2001 17:42:55

Спaсибо (+)

Здравствуйте



Знaчит, модeрнизaция M60 (интeрeсно их M640 обозвaли:) ), a тaк-жe сaмолeтов... и пожaлуй всe. Tо eсть проeкт строитeльствa Meркaвы нa зaводaх "ближaйших друзeй" "послe мeдового мeсяцa":) (eто нa что он, сaбaк бeшeный, нaмeкaeт:) ) - то eсть eтого кинa нe будeт. И стрeлковку нaшу они тожe нe хотят...

П.С. - я тaм нижe нe отмeтился - поздрaвляю с выходом книги!

С уважением
От Марат
К Марат (23.04.2001 15:37:17)
Дата 23.04.2001 15:38:41

это Stalker'у реплай (Цефе тоже мэй би интересно :) (-)